PXIe stands for the PXI Express high-speed modular instrumentation bus. The number 54 represents the series of PXI waveform generators. 5451 refers to a dual-channel 16-bit arbitrary waveform generator running at 400 MS/s with 145 MHz bandwidth, higher output amplitude and optional large-capacity memory.

This module is built in a 3U single-slot form factor and equipped with two independent analog output channels supporting both single-ended and differential working modes. The analog bandwidth reaches 145 megahertz under 50 ohm load. It runs at 400 MS/s maximum interpolated sampling rate and 100 MS/s native sampling rate, with 16-bit vertical resolution.

The nominal output impedance is 50 ohm for single-ended output and 100 ohm for differential output. The single-ended voltage range is ±2.5 volts, and the differential full-scale voltage reaches 5 volts peak-to-peak. Multiple memory configurations are available including 128 megabytes, 512 megabytes and 2 gigabytes. Its typical spurious-free dynamic range is above minus 90 dBc, and the typical phase noise is lower than minus 137 dBc per hertz at a 1 kilohertz offset from 10 megahertz carrier. The typical channel-to-channel skew is less than 40 picoseconds.

It supports standard waveforms such as sine wave, square wave, triangle wave and ramp wave, as well as user-defined arbitrary waveforms. Integrated onboard functions include interpolation filters, pulse shaping, digital gain and offset adjustment, numerically controlled oscillator and I/Q mixing. The operating temperature ranges from 0 degrees Celsius to 55 degrees Celsius, and the storage temperature ranges from minus 40 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees Celsius. Front panel is fitted with SMA connectors for analog output, SMB connectors for clock and trigger signals, and PFI lines for auxiliary triggering.

The module adopts PXIe Gen1 x1 bus and supports high-speed direct memory access data streaming. Compatible drivers include NI-FGEN, NI-DAQmx and IVI-COM for Windows systems. Users can complete device configuration and fault diagnosis via NI-MAX. Secondary development and automated control can be realized with LabVIEW, C, C++, Python and .NET programming environments.

It supports PXI trigger bus, PXIe star trigger and NI-TClk synchronization technology to achieve high-precision timing alignment with other PXIe instruments. It is equipped with an internal voltage controlled crystal oscillator with 25 parts per million frequency accuracy, and also provides external 10 megahertz reference clock input and output interfaces as well as external sample clock access. The module supports continuous data streaming and peer-to-peer data transmission between different PXIe modules.

Dual-channel design with 16-bit high resolution ensures low distortion and high fidelity for signal output. The 400 MS/s sampling rate and 145 MHz wide bandwidth meet the generation requirements of high-speed and wideband signals. The increased output voltage swing reduces the reliance on external amplifiers in most test scenarios.

Optional up to 2 gigabytes of large onboard memory supports ultra-long waveform storage and multi-segment cycle playback without frequent data interaction with the host computer. FPGA-based onboard signal processing offloads computing tasks from the host, optimizes signal quality and shortens waveform downloading time. Reliable inter-channel synchronization guarantees phase coherence, which is essential for multi-channel I/Q and MIMO test systems. Flexible clock and trigger configuration adapts to various complex integrated test platforms.

It is used for baseband and I/Q signal generation as well as intermediate frequency testing in 5G and 6G wireless communication equipment and MIMO system verification. In aerospace and defense fields, it generates radar chirp signals, pulse signals and electronic warfare simulation waveforms for transceiver testing.

It conducts mixed-signal performance verification and high-speed interface testing for semiconductors and integrated circuits. It can also serve as the baseband signal source for RF vector signal generators. Besides, it is applied to sensor signal simulation for automotive electronic control units, ultrasonic testing and general waveform generation for scientific research and teaching.

Insert the module into a vacant 3U slot of the PXIe chassis and fasten the latch. Connect SMA cables for analog output signals and SMB cables for clock and trigger signals according to practical needs. Power on the chassis, and the operating system will automatically identify the hardware. Open NI-MAX to set sampling rate, output voltage range, impedance, filter parameters, clock and trigger conditions before starting waveform output.

Keep the module powered on for 15 minutes to complete warm-up before conducting high-precision tests. Never make the output signal exceed the rated voltage range to avoid damaging the internal circuit. Select proper filters and onboard processing functions to improve signal purity. Enable direct memory access transmission mode when playing long-duration waveforms.

Keep the module, connecting cables and connectors clean, dry and well ventilated during use. Do not apply excessive force when installing or removing SMA and SMB connectors to prevent internal pin damage. Inspect cables and connections regularly to eliminate hidden troubles such as aging and poor contact. Perform built-in self-calibration every month to compensate for parameter drift, and complete professional external calibration every two years to maintain long-term measurement and output accuracy. Disconnect all cables and store the module in an electrostatic protective environment when it is not in use.